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Natural scene perception
Natural scene perception refers to the process by which an agent (such as a human being) visually takes in and interprets scenes that it typically encounters in natural modes of operation (e.g. busy streets, meadows, living rooms).〔Geisler, W.S., Perry, J.S. and Ing, A.D. (2008) Natural systems analysis. In: B. Rogowitz and T. Pappas (Eds.), Human Vision and Electronic Imaging. Proceedings SPIE, Vol 6806, 68060M〕 This process has been modeled in several different ways that are guided by different concepts.
== Debate over role of attention ==
One major dividing line between theories that explain natural scene perception is the role of attention. Some theories maintain the need for focused attention, while others claim that focused attention is not involved.
Focused attention played a partial role in early models of natural scene perception. Such models involved two stages of visual processing.〔Evans, K. & Treisman, A. (2005). Perception of Objects in Natural Scenes: Is it really attention free? ''Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 31(6)'', 1476-1492.〕 According to these models, the first stage is attention free and registers low level features such as brightness gradients, motion and orientation in a parallel manner. Meanwhile, the second stage requires focused attention. It registers high-level object descriptions, has limited capacity and operates serially. These models have been empirically informed by studies demonstrating change blindness, inattentional blindness and attentional blink. Such studies show that when one's visual focused attention is engaged by a task, significant changes in one’s environment that are not directly pertinent to the task can escape awareness. It was generally thought that natural scene perception was similarly susceptible to change blindness, inattentional blindness and attentional blink, and that these psychological phenomena occurred because engaging in a task diverts attentional resources that would otherwise be used for natural scene perception.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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